Biological teleportation taken further

The idea is simple. Put these together:

Craig Venter’s Digital Biological Converter

which could print autonomous computing  molecules.

That’s more than just teleportation.

Suppose you want to do anything in the real world. You can design a microscopic molecular computer for that, by using chemlambda. Send it by the web to a DBC like device. Print it. Plant it. Watch it doing the job.

Anything.

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Fascinating: micropublications, hypothes.is

Fascinating! Found
-starting from this issue https://github.com/PeerJ/paper-now/issues/2 which proposes hypothes.is
– via the issue https://github.com/hypothesis/vision/issues/87
this:
Read and spread it if you think is interesting.  I do because of what I want: a realization of the idea of an article which runs in the browser. They already formulated, and they are close to solve this since 2013 or earlier, in a vastly more precise and interesting way than what I described, without being aware, in the half-joking posts The shortest OA and new forms of publication question, The journal of very short papers and The journal of uncalled advices.
I’m a content producer and I have a direct interest into this. The first fully autonomous article I have, which runs in the browser, is Molecular computers. I want to see it reviewed, annotated, discussed.
I don’t want to use time and space by giving all answers for all possible questions, leaving them to eventual replies to interested people. This way the new content is maximized, instead of wasting time for the benefit of the lazy reader who does not want to understand the new but wants only to find confirmation of his ideas.

Molecular computers proposal

This is a short and hopefully clear explanation, targeted for chemists (or bio-hackers), for the molecular computer idea.
http://chorasimilarity.github.io/chemlambda-gui/dynamic/molecular.html

I would be grateful for any input, including reviews, suggestions for improvements, demands of clarifications, etc.

(updated to fit phones formats)

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The moves of chemlambda v2 in mol format

The mol file format for a chemlambda molecule is a list of lines. Each line represents a graphical element, like described at the chemlambda project index page.

The moves, or graph rewrites, are visualised at the moves page.

The expression of the moves in mol format can be inferred from the main script, but perhaps this is tedious, therefore I shall give them here directly.

The graphical elements are L, A, FI, FO, FOE, Arow, T, FRIN, FROUT, each with a certain number of ports, as explained in the mentioned index page. Each port has two types:

• one can be “in” or “out”
• the other can be “middle”, “left” or “right”

and there is a convention of writing the ports of any graphical element in a given order.

Here I shall write a graphical element in the following form. Instead of the line “L a b c” from the mol file I shall write “L[a,b,c]”, and the same for all other graphical elements. Then the mol file will be seen as a commutative and associative product of the graphical elements.

This goes back to the initial proposal by Louis Kauffman, who tried to use the formal reduction from Mathematica for the graphic lambda calculus.

OK?

Now, we can improve the notation L[a,b,c] by thinking about a, b, c as indices of a tensor, of course. This is reasonable because in any mol file which represents a chemlambda molecule, any port variable appears at most twice, so it is like a summing variable.

Let’s do this by writing

$L_{a}^{bc} = L[a,b,c]$

in order to emphasize that “a” has type “in” and “b”, “c” have type out, but otherwise preserving the order a,b,c in the notation (this order allows to infer, from the symbol “L” of the graphical element, they other types of the ports, namely for the L element “a” has also type “middle”, “b” has type “left” and “c” has type “right”).

Same for all other elements.

Here are the moves, then, with the convention that “U=V” means “transform U into V”.

COMB. Denote by $M^{a}$ any graphical element with an out port “a”, then

$M^{a} Arrow_{a}^{b} = M^{b}$

L-A (i.e. the BETA move).

$L_{a}^{bc} A_{cd}^{e} = Arrow_{a}^{e} Arrow_{d}^{b}$

FI-FOE(i.e. the FAN-IN move).

$FI_{ad}^{c} FOE_{c}^{be} = Arrow_{a}^{e} Arrow_{d}^{b}$

L-FO, L-FOE (aka DIST-L).

$L_{a}^{bc} FO_{c}^{de} = FI_{ji}^{b} L_{k}^{id} L_{l}^{je} FOE_{a}^{kl}$

and the same for L-FOE, where the left hand side $L_{a}^{bc} FO_{c}^{de} =$ … is replaced by $L_{a}^{bc} FOE_{c}^{de} =$ and the rest stays the same.

A-FO, A-FOE (aka DIST-A).

$A_{ab}^{c} FO_{c}^{de} = FOE_{a}^{ij} A_{ik}^{d} A_{jl}^{e} FOE_{b}^{kl}$

and the same for A-FOE, where the left hand side $A_{ab}^{c} FO_{c}^{de} =$ … is replaced by $A_{ab}^{c} FOE_{c}^{de} =$ and the rest stays the same.

FI-FO (aka DIST-FI).

$FI_{ab}^{c} FO_{c}^{de} = FO_{a}^{ij} FI_{ik}^{d} FI_{jl}^{e} FO_{b}^{kl}$

FO-FOE  (aka DIST-FO).

$FO_{a}^{bc} FOE_{c}^{de} = FI_{ji}^{b} FO_{k}^{id} FO_{l}^{je} FOE_{a}^{kl}$

PRUNING MOVES.

$A_{ab}^{c} T_{c} = T_{a} T_{b}$

$FI_{ab}^{c} T_{c} = T_{a} T_{b}$

$L_{a}^{bc} T_{c} = T_{a} FRIN_{b}$

$FO_{a}^{bc} T_{b} = Arrow_{a}^{c}$

$FOE_{a}^{bc} T_{b} = Arrow_{a}^{c}$

$FO_{a}^{bc} T_{c} = Arrow_{a}^{b}$

$FOE_{a}^{bc} T_{c} = Arrow_{a}^{b}$

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The question, of course, is: if we see the moves as equalities and the graphical elements as tensors in a vector space, then how many solutions exist for the moves equations (perhaps eliminating the PRUNING moves, or by seeing  $T_{a}$ as an element of the vector space)?

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Excellent: The Journal of Brief Ideas

Here is another new initiative: The Journal of Brief Ideas.

There are interesting reactions to this:

OK, what is this, in just a few words?

From the About page of the journal:

The Journal of Brief Ideas is a research journal, composed entirely of ‘brief ideas’. The goal here is to provide a place for short ideas to be described – in 200 words or less – for these ideas to be archived (courtesy of Zenodo), searchable and citable.
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I submitted the following: Build a molecular computer.
A visualisation for the Ackermann function here:

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In my opinion this is part of the exploration of new ways of communicate, do collaborative work and explore in the research world.
The article format is obsolete, even if put in digital form. More is needed, one of the ideas it to eventually arrive to run the article in the browser.
It is very encouraging to see that in only few days two excellent, different initiatives concerning new ways, new meanings of publication appeared, the Journal of Brief Ideas and PeerJ/paper-now.
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This new journal recalls me the proposal  of a Journal of very short papers.
The idea behind JVSP was to use the legacy format for journals in order to peer-review articles from OA repositories, like arXiv.
After writing that article I got replies, resulting in an update which I reproduce here:
”   Helger Lipmaa  points to the journal “Tiny ToCS“.  However, the real purpose of JVSP  is not to be brief, but to create a “subversive”, but with rigorous and solid results old-school like journal for promoting free open access.Another journal could be “The RXI Journal of Mathematics” which is as rigorous as any journal, only it asks to have at least 3 occurences of the string ‘rxi’ in the text.David Roberts discusses about fitting a paper into a refereed tweet. It is an interesting idea, some statements are too long, but some of them not. On the top of my head, here is one: “A Connected Lie Group Equals the Square of the Exponential Image, Michael Wüstner, Journal of Lie Theory. Volume 13 (2003) 307–309 Proof: http://emis.math.ca/journals/JLT/vol.13_no.1/wuestla2e.pdf “,  here is another which satisfies also the requirements of JVPS  “W is a monad, David Roberts, Theorem: W:sGrp(S)->sS lifts to a monad. Proof:http://arxiv.org/abs/1204.4886 “, which will  appeared in the New York Journal of Mathematics,   in  an open access journal.” [my comment: in a 10 pages long form which obsoletes arXiv:1204.4886] Interesting that the Twitter idea appears also.
But this is not about Twitter, nor about peer-reviews. It is a NEW idea.
The Journal of Brief Ideas makes the excellent proposal to attach DOI to ideas, in a short format (up to 200 words), but with enough place for using the power of the Net.
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Can’t resist to point also to the Journal of Uncalled Advices, will it appear some day?
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Say NO to politicians, OA included

There are politicians everywhere. These guys find ten reasons to modify only slightly a bad thing, preaching this incremental improvement to satisfy some of us and winking to those happy to not change. These guys who find ten blends for each incremental change and they speak politely and technically with fellow politicians about which of these homeopathic differences will make a difference. Knowing very well that that’s the way to make no difference. They are the product of the rotten old habits and they will delay the change until they retire. Fuck the rest!

Same in open access. How many blends of open access there are? It is unbelievable that there is anybody, excepting those with a (conflict of) interest(s) in it, who believe that Gold OA is anything else than a stupid idea. Dress it as you wish, but it is still the idea to take money from the authors, for doing nothing, because anyways you can’t take money from the readers anymore. Still, if you don’t know, there are blends and blends and blends of Gold OA, and politicians discuss at length which are the relative advances and why we can’t change fast this useless publication service.

Why can’t we change it? Because of the politicians from the academic management. How will they avoid being accountable for their decisions if they can’t hide behind numbers? Again, people can’t be that stupid when they pretend that the number of articles and the place they appear are relevant. So there has to be something else: hidden interest. They are the product of the system. To say that, because under publishers locks, their life work is as good as crap, is offending to them. They made bad choices and they want to impose them on you.

It is a society effect. The bosses are in conflict of interests or straightly corrupt. So they invent rules for you, rules which they change from time to time, but every time they avoid to look at the root of evil. Which is: they are and they try to transform you, researcher, passionate student, into a interchangeable unit of thinking person. They are dust and they want to transform you into dust.

It happened before. Favourite example: the painter artists in France, before the impressionist revolution, read here more about this comparison. Were they stupid to fight for the number of paintings accepted in academic exhibitions or the HEIGHT where the paintings were put during those exhibitions? No, the products of the system who were at the lead were interested and the rest were forced by the choice between their passion and their career.

So, say NO to politicians.

Just to prove that I am not a hot head who writes hot air, I say that I did. My first paper on arXiv was in 2001. Since then I put almost everything there and I refuse, if possible, to publish elsewhere because I don’t want to support the system. Of course I am not crazy to impose my beliefs to co-authors, but still in these cases I try to use arXiv as well.

I told a bit about the effects of this choice  on my career.

What I think now.

That OA is already old thing.

That discussions about who has the copyright are sterile at best (and interested possibly), because it is clear that DRM trumps the licence, see Use DRM for academics, enjoy watching them fight for the copyright.

So, please tell, what are you discussing about?

Now I think that the article format will change and this is a part of an ongoing revolution which went unnoticed by the politicians who live around OA. It’s Github, already 20 times bigger than arXiv (I give the example of arXiv because is greatest in OA, in my opinion, and because I’m familiar with it; however, look at this wonder of Github).

That is why I support and will use PeerJ/paper-now, read this.

As concerns publishers, I don’t wish they disappear, once because it’s not my problem and twice because it’s obvious we can reuse their infrastructure.

Is not good to wish bad things to people (except to politicians, maybe).

But it is obvious that not publishing is the service which has value. Peer-review is needed, pre- and post- publication. What they could do is to propose the service of organizing this peer-review.

Another, related and perhaps bigger opportunity is the management of scientific data, be them articles, experimental data, programs. This is related to the idea of running the article in the browser, sometime soon. This needs an infrastructure which, no! publisher, don’t try again, an infrastructure which is not based on artificial scarcity, but on overwhelming abundance.

Otherwise I’m good, thank you and I am still looking for people with enough guts and funds to make big things, like molecular computers, changing the IoT, understanding life, i.e. the chemlambda project.

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All chemical reactions needed for a molecular computer

I’ve updated the molecular computer demo and I’ve created a new demo page where you can see all chemical reactions needed for building a molecular computer.

If you are interested please read and play with both demos.

The purpose of the demo is simple: if anybody would identify real chemical reactions between small molecules and (invisible in the demo) other molecules, one per move (I call them “moves enzymes”), then it would be possible, in principle, to design molecules which compute, by themselves, without any laboratory management, by these chemical reactions. Any such molecule should be regarded as a program which executes itself. The result of the computation is encoded in the shape of the molecule, not in the number of (more or less arbitrary) chosen molecules.